Create an Automated Scoreboard that Senses Your Score with a Raspberry Pi

Original Source: https://www.sitepoint.com/create-an-automated-scoreboard-that-senses-your-score-with-a-raspberry-pi/

On an impulse just before Christmas, I bought myself an NBA “over-the-door” mini basketball hoop. I wasn’t sure what I’d do with it, but having a basketball hoop for my office seemed like a good move. In the end I decided to experiment and bring some connectivity to it by hooking it up to a Raspberry Pi to give it a scoreboard display. Here’s how that went, with step-by-step instructions if you’d like to try to adapt and improve upon it!

This tutorial isn’t intended to be used as a step-by-step “do exactly as I did” style guide — my hope is that you’ll take this concept and use it for all sorts of other ideas. Add a virtual scoreboard that counts how often people come into your office. Or go with a different sport (maybe a mini soccer goal tracker?). Or use an entirely different sensor but track hits on it visually with a Raspberry Pi! There are so many potential applications of this technique. Try stuff and let me know how you go!

What You’ll Need

In order to be able to follow along and make something similar, here’s a list of the parts I used (or their equivalent for the things I had around my lab already):

Raspberry Pi 3 B+ — I used an older version of this from 2015, if you’re going to buy one, get a newer version like this!
A MicroSD card with NOOBS — if you are looking to install this yourself and have an SD card ready to go Raspberry Pi foundation have a guide on how to do so here.
Spalding NBA Slam Jam Over-The-Door Mini Basketball Hoop — This is the mini basketball hoop I used. You could use a different one — especially if its net works better!
Raspberry Pi 3.3190G 7″ Touchscreen Display — This is my favourite display for the Raspberry Pi, it is a touchscreen, so you can interact with the UI without needing to connect up a mouse.
RS Raspberry Pi 7-Inch LCD Touch Screen Case, Black — To make the display look a bit nicer when all together with the Pi, I have my Pi in this black case.
HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Distance Measuring Sensor Module — I had a spare cheap clone HC-SR04 sensor around, but I’d recommend buying a good quality one. My one has occasional odd readings and is a bit temperamental.

One thing to note — if you don’t have a 7 inch display for your Pi, you could display the score on a nearby computer monitor too. Any device on your local network with a web browser and a screen would work!

The Code

Want to skip to downloading the code? It’s available on GitHub here.

What I put together

I hung my new basketball hoop up on a door with an ultrasonic sensor attached to the hoop to track when a ball goes into the hoop. Underneath is a Raspberry Pi powered scoreboard — I’d actually recommend finding longer cables so you can connect it outside of basketball falling range.

Me testing out my connected scoreboard — with a customised Suns themed interface!

I’ll go over why everything is as it is below — along with some suggestions for those who might want to improve upon this base!

Languages we’ll be using

JavaScript – In order to follow along, you’ll need a knowledge of the basics, but we won’t have lines upon lines of code, things are actually pretty simple in the JS side of things.
Node.js – A basic knowledge of how to run npm and Node is needed to run our scoreboard server.

Setting up our Raspberry Pi

If you are completely new to the Raspberry Pi and haven’t set anything up yet, never fear! There are many guides out there for setting things up and it’s nice and straightforward. The Raspberry Pi foundation have a step by step guide for installing the Raspbian operating system using the NOOBS operating system manager. You’ll want to make sure the operating system is running before you get onto any of the other steps.

Touchscreen setup

I put together my connected scoreboard using a Raspberry Pi 3 with touchscreen. My touchscreen and case were already put together and screwed down tight as I’ve used this Pi 3 before for other projects, however if you are starting from scratch — it isn’t too hard to connect up. Newer shipments (like mine) actually have a bunch of it already assembled, with the adapter board already screwed onto the LCD screen, if that’s the case, half the steps are already complete! Instructions on how to assemble the screen are available online:

Official instructions — these are the instructions which come with the screen in case you lose them!
The Pi Hut have their own tutorial — they explain the details of the process too.
ZDNet’s look at the touch display with case — they’ve got a good amount of detail and tips for setting up the screen and case to use in various situations.

Case setup

When it comes to putting the case around the LCD screen and Raspberry Pi, that process is also quite easy with the case I have. I already had mine together, however the general steps for this are:

Make sure you’ve already got your microUSB card inside the Raspberry Pi and are happy with how it’s running! Annoyingly with a lot of cases, you can’t get the card out once the case is in place. My case linked above is one of those… so make sure the card is all good before you lose access to it!
Place the Pi with screen into place inside the case
Arrange the ribbon cables and cables coming from the GPIO so they aren’t in the way
Make sure the holes for your USB ports and such are on the correct side of the bulkier part of the case and line up nicely.
Once everything is lined up nicely, screw in the four screws to put it all together!
Turn it on! If you find that the screen comes up upside down, don’t worry, it’s a side effect of the case manufacturers lining up the power to come out of the top. When I mounted my scoreboard though, I mounted it with the power coming out of the bottom, so this wasn’t an issue for me. If it is an issue for you:

Run sudo nano /boot/config.txt to open the config for the Pi
Then add lcd_rotate=2 to the end, this will rotate the screen around.
Press Ctrl X and the Ctrl Y to save your changes.
Restart your Pi and when it loads back up it should be the right way around!

Running Node.js on our Raspberry Pi

Conveniently, Raspbian has Node installed by default! However, it is a rather old version of Node. You can check which version is installed on your Pi by opening up the Terminal and typing in:

node -v

I’ve got version 8.15.0 installed on my Pi. You can upgrade by running the following commands:

sudo su –
apt-get remove nodered -y
apt-get remove nodejs nodejs-legacy -y
apt-get remove npm -y
curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_5.x | sudo bash –
apt-get install nodejs -y

After running all of those, if you type in that version command again, you should see a better version:

node -v

You can also check npm is installed correctly by running:

npm -v

With node running on our device, we’re ready to get a scoreboard Node server running!

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